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黄冈房产 > 黄冈房产资讯 > 黄冈房产市场 > 外滩元境 (售楼处) 首页 - 中建壹品·外滩元境销售中心 - 环境 - 户型 - 价格 - 地址 - 楼盘详情 - 配套 - 电话 - 交房时间 - 配套 - 电话 - 交房时间

外滩元境 (售楼处) 首页 - 中建壹品·外滩元境销售中心 - 环境 - 户型 - 价格 - 地址 - 楼盘详情 - 配套 - 电话 - 交房时间 - 配套 - 电话 - 交房时间

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High-end luxury residences can serve as investment products

高档豪华住宅可成为投资品

Cracking down on real estate speculation and restricting investment behavior are the main focuses of decision-makers' regulation. However, scholars believe that in the future, high-end luxury residences can be used as investment housing.

打击房地产投机，限制投资行为是决策者调控的主要着力点，但学者认为未来，高档豪华住宅可以作为投资性住房。

On December 7, 2011, at the "Third China Real Estate Forum and 2011 China Real Estate Annual Red List", the impact of the large-scale construction of affordable housing on the market was reflected in the fact that ordinary residential properties, including affordable housing and small and medium-sized ordinary commercial housing, will gradually be de-invested and return to their use value, forming a cost-driven price. This has also become a consensus.

2011年12月7日，在“第三届地产中国论坛暨2011中国房地产年度红榜”上，保障房的大规模建设对市场的影响，表现在包括保障房住房、中小户型普通商品房在内的普通住宅将慢慢去投资化，向使用价值回归，形成以成本主导的价格，这也已形成共识。

He pointed out that based on the experience of European and American countries, the prices of ordinary residences do not deviate too much from the cost. However, currently, housing prices in China are far higher than the cost. To ensure the housing rights of the common people, "even investment is no longer necessary."

他指出，欧美国家的经验看，普通住宅价格不会偏离成本太多，但目前国内住房价格远高于成本，为了保证老百姓住房权利，“连投资这块也觉得不需要了”。

He believes that appropriate investment behavior should still be maintained, and a large number of apartments and high-end luxury residences can be used as investment housing. "Even in the residential market, there should be an internal relationship of coordinated development."

他认为，适当的投资行为仍应保留，大量公寓、高档豪华住宅可以作为投资性的住房，“即使是住宅市场，也应该有一个协调发展的内部关系”。

In addition, enterprises engaged in the production of ordinary residential properties need to adjust their mindset. "It is no longer easy to find the high profit models of the past."

此外，做普通住宅的企业要调整好心态，“再难寻找过去高的利润模式了”。

# 最新消息# 杨浦·东外滩全新盘

「中建壹品·外滩元境」等待认购

首期将推主力约80-170㎡风貌洋房

共计136套房源

均价128042元/㎡

过程效果图，仅供参考，以实际交付为准

基本信息

前段时间，杨浦定海社区I9-01地块（大桥街道90街坊）历史风貌保护项目遴选结果公示：中建壹品投资发展有限公司成功拿下杨浦大桥街道90街坊地块。

地块东至三星南路、南至周家牌路,西至松潘路,北至杭州路，建设用地面积21210.66㎡，容积率1.4，地上计容建筑面积29694.92平方米，协议出让价格225682万元，楼面价约76000元/㎡。

地块指标

该项目是历史风貌保护项目，容积率1.4，建筑面积约2.97万㎡，限高12米，项目设立土地使用权底价，底价为225682万元，楼板价约7.6万元/㎡。

产品方面，从建筑布局及风格特色来看，保留了低密风貌住宅街巷里弄的格局，以及露台铁艺栏杆、孟莎屋顶及老虎窗等建筑构件，彰显上海海派文化独有的味道和“腔调”。

规划效果示意图，过程稿仅供参考，以开发商公告为准

从内部空间体系来看，地上三层，层高分别是3.6米、3.3米和3.3米；每个单元一梯两户，每户均拥有类独立电梯厅；一楼带地下室及庭院，并通过创新退台式设计为二楼和三楼打造私家空中花园，形成户户有花园的墅居生活方式。

效果示意，仅供参考，以开发商公告为准

从户型设计来看，一楼户型附赠超大地下室及双层庭院；二楼户型附赠星空露台；三楼附赠露台及其他空间；户型实得率最大可以超过200%！平均也能达到约150%左右！

风貌建筑的风骨、平层户型的舒适、别墅级的功能附赠——这三者的结合，使外滩元境对传统高层住宅及普通洋房形成碾压式的降维打击！

更狠的是，洋房主力建面为一楼约174㎡，二楼约138㎡，三楼约128㎡；另外还有一些建面约80-115㎡的小户型洋房。

户型图如下：

建面约104㎡3房2厅2卫（一层下叠）：

建面约99㎡3房2厅2卫（二层平叠）：

建面约99㎡3房2厅2卫（三层上叠）：

建面约120㎡3房2厅2卫/90㎡2房2厅2卫（一层下叠）：

建面约110㎡3房2厅2卫/80㎡2房2厅2卫（二层平墅）：

建面约110㎡3房2厅2卫/80㎡2房2厅2卫（三层上叠）：

建面约90㎡/120㎡3房2厅2卫（一层下叠）：

建面约80㎡2房2厅2卫/110㎡3房2厅2卫（二层平墅）：

建面约82㎡2房2厅2卫/110㎡3房2厅2卫（三层上叠）：

建面约82㎡2房2厅2卫/110㎡3房2厅2卫（四层上叠）：

建面约169㎡4房2厅3卫（一层下叠）：

建面约139㎡4房2厅2卫（二层平墅）：

建面约134㎡4房2厅2卫（三层上叠）：

周边配套

如果说产品是内核，区域就是价值基石。

中建壹品・外滩元境所处的杨浦滨江 “九宫格”，不仅是上海内环旁最后的低密风貌区，更是未来十年城市发展核心引擎 —— 产业、配套、土地价值均进入 “爆发期”，成为不可复制的价值高地。

上海滨江的发展早已走过 “1.0外滩金融时代”“2.0陆家嘴摩天楼时代”“3.0徐汇滨江人文时代”，如今迈入 “4.0杨浦滨江科创生活时代”。作为上海 “一江一河” 战略最后黄金拼图，杨浦滨江先天优势无可替代：

约15.5公里岸线整体开发，总规划建面约796万㎡，相当于 2个前滩、5个陆家嘴，是上海滨江压轴段的终章珍藏；

以 “科创研发” 为核心战略，超6000亿投入打造世界级科创中心，承担 “人民城市最佳实践地、新质生产力创新策源地、Z世代精神堡垒” 三大使命；

超40%蓝绿空间、约1.5公里世界级滨水慢行系统，约5.5公里岸线保留24处66幢历史建筑，工业遗存与现代生活交融，成为上海最具人文气息的滨水区。（以上数据来源：杨浦滨江"十四五规划）

区域价值的核心在于产业驱动力 —— 杨浦滨江已成为世界级科创总部集聚区，高净值人才流入或直接引爆居住需求。

美团上海科技中心总投资约106亿元，创造超10000个高端岗位；

B站全球总部总投资约198.5亿元，提供逾10000个岗位，规划近13万方商业体，打造 “二次元” 文化圣地；

杨浦滨江创智中心由声网、星空华文等联合开发，每年承办不少于3场重大文化活动。（以上数据来源：杨浦滨江"十四五规划）

预计至2026-2027年，仅这些巨头就将导入超2万高净值人才，他们追求 “低密、舒适、有文化底蕴” 的居住，而外滩元境正是为这群人量身打造的理想居所。产业驱动下的人才集聚，更将形成高知、高薪、高品味的社区圈层，进一步提升居住价值与资产溢价。

区位效果示意图

杨浦滨江的价值，不仅在于未来潜力，更在于当下成熟与逐步兑现的配套，实现 “居住即享受”。

交通上，紧邻内环、中环双高架，三横主干道贯通东西，5条隧道联通浦江两岸，12号线、18号线双轨交在侧，规划24号线加持，自驾与公共出行皆高效便捷；

商业上，百联滨江、大润发等现有配套满足日常，字节跳动（在建中）、B站（在建中）、美团（在建中）自带商业体及在建超极合生汇，将打造全新商业地标。教育上，汇聚6所一梯队小学、4所一梯队初中及4所市重点高中（含复旦附中、控江中学），优质教育矩阵护航成长；（不作入学承诺，具体政策以政府官方通知为准。）

医疗上，复旦附属妇产科医院（三甲）、上海第一康复医院、新华医院（三甲）等环伺，为健康保驾护航；

生态上，约5.5公里滨水岸线是天然休闲场域，电站辅机厂驿站、皂梦空间等工业遗存蜕变为超26.2万㎡文化空间，生活与艺术无缝衔接。

✅中建壹品外滩元境官方售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境官方电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅Have you noticed, everyone? As the year draws to a close, not only have second-hand houses in Shanghai witnessed a "tail-end" surge in transactions, but recently, new houses for sale, especially luxury projects, have also been extremely popular, far exceeding previous expectations.大家发现没，临近年末，上海不仅二手房出现“翘尾”放量行情，最近认购的新房特别是豪宅项目也异常火爆，完全超出此前预期。外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎Upon careful examination, these newly launched luxury projects with high sales volumes all possess several key elements: strong product innovation, ample additional space, top product quality, and reasonable prices.仔细审视，这些认购火爆的豪宅新盘，都具备几个要素：产品创新性强，附赠空间足，产品力顶，且价格有诚意。The ultimate embodiment of these elements - "Style Residence" by China State Construction First Engineering Co., Ltd. - "The Bund Yuanjing" - is about to make its grand debut at the end of the year.这些要素的集大成者——中建壹品·外滩元境“风貌洋房”也即将在岁末压轴上映。"Novel and rare product, truly a lifestyle of a mansion;

“产品新颖罕见、真正的洋房生活；vast imagination space on the terrace;

露台的想象空间非常大；the Bund is overly homogenized, too much speculation along the river;

外滩同质化、滨江炒太多；

such a product has never been seen before;

这样的产品之前真没见过；

and so on" - these are the exact words of the visitors.

等等”这些都是到访客户的原话。

外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎With over 20 years of experience, I now visit at least 50楼盘 every year in Shanghai. After seeing this project， I couldn't help but exclaim in amazement： This is truly a groundbreaking product innovation for high-end residential properties in Shanghai"Style Appearance + Flat Layout + Villa-style Living" - all three elements combined.从业20多年，如今在上海每年至少看50个楼盘，我在看了这个项目之后，也不由啧啧惊叹：这才是上海高端住宅一次真正划时代的产品创新。

"The Bund Yuanjing" not only pushes the product quality of Shanghai's residential properties to a new height， but also creates a completely new category for residential properties in Shanghai： "Style Residence".

“风貌外观+平层格局+墅质生活”三位一体，外滩元境不仅把上海住宅产品力再次推向新的高度，而且创造了上海住宅一个全新的品类：“风貌洋房”。

Yangpu Bund， East Bund

杨浦滨江东外滩

3-story Style Residence with a floor area ratio of only 1.4

3层风貌平墅容积率仅1.4

"China State Construction First Engineering Co.， Ltd. The Bund Yuanjing"

「中建壹品·外滩元境」

It will offer approximately 68-170㎡ high-attached waterfront Style Residences with three floors along the river

将推建面约68-170㎡高附赠滨江三层风貌洋房

The registered average price is 128，042 yuan per square meter

备案均价128042元/m²外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅中建壹品外滩元境官方售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境官方电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅

外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅中建壹品外滩元境官方售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境官方电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅中建壹品外滩元境官方售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境官方电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅中建壹品外滩元境官方售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境官方电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅Have you noticed, everyone? As the year draws to a close, not only have second-hand houses in Shanghai witnessed a "tail-end" surge in transactions, but recently, new houses for sale, especially luxury projects, have also been extremely popular, far exceeding previous expectations.大家发现没，临近年末，上海不仅二手房出现“翘尾”放量行情，最近认购的新房特别是豪宅项目也异常火爆，完全超出此前预期。Upon careful examination, these newly launched luxury projects with high sales volumes all possess several key elements: strong product innovation, ample additional space, top product quality, and reasonable prices.仔细审视，这些认购火爆的豪宅新盘，都具备几个要素：产品创新性强，附赠空间足，产品力顶，且价格有诚意。The ultimate embodiment of these elements - "Style Residence" by China State Construction First Engineering Co., Ltd. - "The Bund Yuanjing" - is about to make its grand debut at the end of the year.这些要素的集大成者——中建壹品·外滩元境“风貌洋房”也即将在岁末压轴上映。"Novel and rare product, truly a lifestyle of a mansion;“产品新颖罕见、真正的洋房生活；vast imagination space on the terrace;露台的想象空间非常大；the Bund is overly homogenized, too much speculation along the river;外滩同质化、滨江炒太多；such a product has never been seen before;这样的产品之前真没见过；and so on" - these are the exact words of the visitors.等等”这些都是到访客户的原话。With over 20 years of experience, I now visit at least 50楼盘 every year in Shanghai. After seeing this project， I couldn't help but exclaim in amazement： This is truly a groundbreaking product innovation for high-end residential properties in Shanghai"Style Appearance + Flat Layout + Villa-style Living" - all three elements combined.从业20多年，如今在上海每年至少看50个楼盘，我在看了这个项目之后，也不由啧啧惊叹：这才是上海高端住宅一次真正划时代的产品创新。"The Bund Yuanjing" not only pushes the product quality of Shanghai's residential properties to a new height， but also creates a completely new category for residential properties in Shanghai： "Style Residence".“风貌外观+平层格局+墅质生活”三位一体，外滩元境不仅把上海住宅产品力再次推向新的高度，而且创造了上海住宅一个全新的品类：“风貌洋房”。Yangpu Bund， East Bund杨浦滨江东外滩3-story Style Residence with a floor area ratio of only 1.43层风貌平墅容积率仅1.4"China State Construction First Engineering Co.， Ltd. The Bund Yuanjing"「中建壹品·外滩元境」It will offer approximately 68-170㎡ high-attached waterfront Style Residences with three floors along the river将推建面约68-170㎡高附赠滨江三层风貌洋房The registered average price is 128，042 yuan per square meter备案均价128042元/m²外滩元境售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅中建壹品外滩元境官方售楼处电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅外滩元境官方电话：400-9939-964✅︎✅︎✅

全精装交付，最高得房率200%

售楼处样板间开放接待

房产价值有一条铁律：别墅＞洋房＞小高层＞高层。

这不是偏好，是物理事实决定的。形态越接近地面，居住的私密性更好、空间的附赠更多、与自然的接触面就越高

洋房，本身就是高层市场中的价值高地。

而中建壹品·外滩元境的“3层风貌洋房”，是在这个高地上，又建了一座塔。

1.约82%得房率，是它的价值基准线！

正常的新房，其套内的得房率最高也就是75%。而中建壹品·外滩元境的得房率足足有约82%。

优势是巨大的：

这是由它3层的洋房形态与风貌建筑的结构天然决定的。

它从根源上规避了高层住宅庞大的公摊，同样的产权面积，这里给你的实得空间，就是更多。

这是写在产品基因里的优势。

2. 附赠，是它的价值倍增器。这才是颠覆规则的关键！

现阶段，几乎都在的新规后产品都在卷附赠。但高层的极限已经渐渐显露出来了，大概也就是约95-97%之间。

但在中建壹品·外滩元境，最高的实得率都在约200%以上，即使平均来看也都在约150%左右，这完全就是降维打击。

并且，层层有惊喜，总有适合你的产品：

一层，扩展向下。

赠送的不只是约135㎡的超大地下室，而是一个可独立规划的家庭厅、藏酒室或工作室。

除此之外，还有面积相当可观的南向庭前绿地，让归家拉满仪式感。

户型图如下：

二层，扩展向外。

赠送的不只是露台，是一个俯瞰社区的空中花园，是私人户外客厅。

三层，扩展向上。

赠送的不只是阁楼，是一个带斜面天窗的星空房，是精神角落。

这或许就是海派文化最深的启示：当国匠品牌和百年杨浦传奇相遇，互为融合、穿越百年、面向未来，在对视中，看见了彼此眼睛里那个更好的自己。

基本信息

日前，杨浦滨江中建壹品外滩元境产品曝光，样板间也开启接待，项目带来了上海未曾有过的3层风貌退台洋房产品，在上海豪宅圈层引发了不小的关注！

中建壹品深谙城市土地价值，以前瞻战略眼光聚焦拿地方向：一是进击高端房产市场，二是深耕一二线城市核心地块，而百年杨浦滨江正是两者结合的烫金版图。自2023年中建壹品持续深耕杨浦，是上海当前唯一同时拥有“风貌洋房+风貌办公+风貌别墅”三种风貌产品操盘经验的开发商，也正是因为持续在各类风貌产品里不断探索，中建壹品才拥有了创造出风貌洋房的前瞻性洞察。

中建壹品·外滩元境位于杨浦滨江九宫格之中，紧邻内环，是上海统一规划出的低密风貌住宅区，不仅享受稀缺的城市核心低密资源，还与美团（在建中）、B站（在建中）、华文（在建中）等滨江科创龙头的总部相邻，一面承载着百年历史文脉，一面与杨浦滨江世界相迎，让未来杨浦高端社区，展示出“世界的新风貌”。

首先，我认为这类产品的本质是风貌别墅的拆分！

中建壹品·外滩元境融合了别墅和高层的优势，既回归了上海里弄人家的烟火气，又拥有别墅的私密性和尺度感，正是这种从源头端的创新突破，中建壹品·外滩元境“以人为本”的核心理念，将低密风貌与居住舒适度进行高度融合，打造一个低密、舒适且与城市文脉共鸣的标杆作品。

像打造艺术品一样，打造洋房新物种：每一座风格独特、宜居舒适、令人向往的洋房都在证明，最鲜活的居住文化永远是进行时。好房子，不仅是供人品鉴的艺术品，而且能给居者带来曼妙且美好的时光之旅，通往“世界性与本土性共存”的大门。而中建壹品·外滩元境，是值得臻藏的好房子，是稀世存在的风貌洋房。

对比传统6-7层的洋房，有很多优势：

第一、楼层更少，只有3层，居住密度更低，公共资源（比如电梯）利用率更高。

第二、层高也高于传统常规洋房产品，3.3-3.6m层高对标别墅产品层高。

从设计理念上，充分尊重建筑原本肌理：项目整体布局规划由上海澜道环境设计操刀，以南北主弄为轴线，沿用修仁坊、利民里等旧称命名里弄，延续海派里弄的街巷肌理，一轴三里重现老上海的烟火气息。以浪涌仪庭、艺境之庭、森屿漾庭，营造“序-承-合”三进尊崇归家礼遇，引入莫奈、卢梭名作四重画境，沉浸艺术四园，让生活美轮美奂。

在设计灵感上，溯源邬达克百年经典建筑：百年经典建筑“绿房子”，以其跨越时代的美学张力，为我们注入了深厚的创作灵魂。作为1938年的作品，其流畅的弧形立面、贯通空间的阳光房、以及保全完整花园的智慧，至今仍散发着历久弥新的魅力。

以更细腻的笔触，精工打造奢适人居场景：内外双玄关，更好地隔绝噪音，营造静谧空间。270°飘窗将景色无缝衔接，揽四季美景“全景巨幕”。经典飞机户型，餐客一体通透格局，干湿分离明卫，让居住舒适度最大化。

一线豪宅的品质，超配奢装

不同于一般毛坯交付的风貌别墅，项目洋房也精装交付，且选用嘉格纳等一线豪宅奢装标准，还引入六恒科技系统等，品质上也做到极致。

“花高层的钱，买洋房，住别墅”，这位到访客户的评价言简意赅。

但在我看来，外滩元境的真正价值，远不止于提供了一款高空间附加值的豪宅产品，更是一个划时代的创新建筑“作品”：

TA实现了上海风貌住宅产品的破局，创造了一种墅质洋房的摩登生活方式，并且让改善客群能够有机会入手滨江九宫格风貌住宅核心资产。

版块信息

落子杨浦时代热土打造滨江人居封面

百年沧桑巨变，杨浦这片时代热土，如今已成为上海的城市文化名片。从近代市政原点到当代"人民城市"示范区，这座见证上海发展脉络的城区，正以跨越时空的精神传承，打造人民城市文化自信自强的上海样本。

从区域定位来看，此次出让的I10-01地块，正位于杨浦大桥东的“九宫格”片区——因各小地块横平竖直、布局规整，形似“九宫格火锅”而得名。该区域是当前上海滨江开发中最受关注的热点板块，规划定位为集滨江科创带、公园生态区、百年工业遗存、地标建筑群、低密风貌住区于一体的超级城市单元。

目前，“九宫格”住宅项目的市场热度已得到充分验证。其中，中建壹品浦江之星于去年5月推出428套房源，均价10.99万元/平方米，认购率超120%；保利海玥外滩序Bund98推出建面约100-130㎡的3-4房共计223 套房源，累计吸引552组客户认购，认购率高达248%，入市均价达12.64万元/㎡，高认筹率直观体现了市场对该区域价值的高度认可。

1、东面是杨浦滨江的天际线所在，规划150米、320米的地标办公楼；

2、南面是星空华文、美团、还有B站三大总部组团，预计在2025年-2026年间竣工投入使用；

3、西面是三块规划绿地，可以阻隔内环高架杨浦大桥的噪音影响；绿地旁边还有上海市第一康复医院，这所医院的隔壁还有杨浦区中医院和红房子医院

4、北面规划有一所九年制学校（九宫格内规划有幼托用地），东面有财大附中，从幼儿园到高中的教育配套包圆；

所有和生活息息相关的配套，都是紧紧围绕九宫格建设的。杨浦滨江在这里组成了一个集低密住区、地标建筑群、滨江科创带、公园生态区、教育配套于一体的“大九宫格”！

在这里，沿着滨江一线，大厂一字排开：

中交集团总部、中节能上海首座、美团科技中心C座D座、杨浦滨江创智中心、美团科技中心A座B座、字节跳动滨江中心、哔哩哔哩全球总部都有望近2年内交付；

预计2028年，约45万平超极合生汇将开业，为滨江带商业版图画上圆满一笔。

High-end luxury residences can serve as investment products

高档豪华住宅可成为投资品

打击房地产投机，限制投资行为是决策者调控的主要着力点，但学者认为未来，高档豪华住宅可以作为投资性住房。

他认为，适当的投资行为仍应保留，大量公寓、高档豪华住宅可以作为投资性的住房，“即使是住宅市场，也应该有一个协调发展的内部关系”。

In addition, enterprises engaged in the production of ordinary residential properties need to adjust their mindset. "It is no longer easy to find the high profit models of the past."

此外，做普通住宅的企业要调整好心态，“再难寻找过去高的利润模式了”。

一、房地产相关概念

(1) Concept of real estate: Real estate, also known as immovable property, refers to land, buildings, and the inseparable parts fixed to land and buildings.

(一) 房地产概念:房地产又称不动产,是指土地、建筑物及固着在土地、建筑物上不可分离的部分.

Among them, the inseparable parts, such as trees, plumbing equipment, etc.

其中不可分离的部分,如树木、水暖设备等.

Real estate exists in three forms:

房地产有三种存在形式:

1. Pure land;

1、单纯的土地;

2. Simple buildings;

2、单纯的建筑物;

3. Properties that combine land and buildings;

3、土地与建筑物结合的房产;

(II) Classification of the Real Estate Market: According to the characteristics of the real estate development, sales and consumption processes, the real estate market can be divided into:

(二) 房地产市场的分类:根据房地产开发,销售与消费过程特点,可以将房地产市场分为:

1. Primary market (land market)

1、一级市场(土地市场);

2. Secondary market (real estate incremental housing market);

2、二级市场(房地产增量房市场);

3. The tertiary market (the existing housing market);

3、三级市场(房地产存量房市场);

(3) Land and Land Ownership:

(三) 土地及土地所有权:

The concept of land: Generally, it refers to a certain range of space above ground, below ground and above ground.

1、土地的概念:一般是指地面、地面以下和地面以上一定范围的空间.

In real life, land is a region with a specific area range that is artificially demarcated.

现实生活中的土地是人为划分的,具有特定面积范围的地域.

2. Public ownership of land: According to the Constitution, land ownership is divided into ownership by all the people (state-owned land) and collective land ownership. Only when a collective land is converted to state-owned ownership can it be transferred. Individuals and units only have the right to use the land.

2、土地公有制:根据宪法规定,土地所有权分全民所有(国有土地)与集体土地所有权,集体转为国有才能转让,个人和单位只拥有土地的使用权;

3. The right to use land can be leased, transferred or mortgaged within the term.

3、土地使用权在期限内可以出租、转让、抵押.

(4) Method of obtaining land use rights:

(四) 土地使用权获取方式:

1. Land use right transfer:

1、土地使用权出让:

It refers to the act where the state grants the right to use state-owned land to land users for a certain period of time, and the land users pay the land use right grant fees to the state.

指国家将国有土地使用权在一定年限内出让给土地使用者,由土地使用者向国家支付土地使用权出让金的行为;

The transfer of land use rights is conducted through three methods: tendering, auction, and mutual agreement.

土地使用权出让采用招标、拍卖、双方协议三种方式;

Six types of land (commercial, entertainment, tourism, financial, service, and commercial housing) shall be used through bidding or auction.

六类用地(商业、娱乐、旅游、金融、服务业、商品房)采用招标、拍卖的方式;

The renovation of the old city is carried out through mutual agreement.

旧城改造采用双方协议的方式；

The term of grant for the right to use state-owned land: 40 years for commercial, tourism and entertainment land.

国有土地使用权出让年限：商业、旅游、娱乐用地40年;

Industrial land, science and education land, cultural and sports land, health land, sports land, comprehensive or other land for 50 years;

工业用地、科教、文体、卫生、体育用地、综合或其他用地50年;

Housing land for 70 years;

住房用地70年;

The term of the right to use real estate has a direct impact on its value.

房地产的使用权年限对价值有直接影响.

2. Allocation of land use rights

2、土地使用权划拨:

It refers to the act of the people's government at or above the county level, in accordance with the law, approving the delivery of a piece of land to the land user for use after the land user has paid compensation, resettlement and other fees, or delivering the land use right to the land user for free.

指县级以上人民政府依法批准,在土地使用者缴纳补偿、安置等费用后将该幅土地交付其使用,或者将土地使用权无偿交付给土地使用者使用的行为;

Where the right to use land is obtained through allocation, there is no limit on the period of use, except as otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations.

以划拨方式取得土地使用权的,除法律、行政法规另有规定外,没有使用期限的限制;

The land use rights of the following construction land may be allocated by the people's government at or above the county level in accordance with the law if they are indeed necessary: land for state organs and military land.

下列建设用地的土地使用权,确属必须的,可由县级以上人民政府依法批准划拨: 国家机关用地和军事用地;

Urban infrastructure land and public welfare land;

城市基础设施用地和公益事业用地;

Land for key state-supported projects in energy, transportation, water conservancy, etc.

国家重点扶持的能源、交通、水利等项目用地;

Other land uses as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations;

法律、行政法规规定的其他用地;

(V) Architectural Concepts

(五) 建筑概念

1. Architecture: The general term for buildings and structures;

1、建筑:建筑物和构筑物的总称;

2. Narrow sense of buildings: Refers to all kinds of houses and structures such as trees, elevators, water and heating equipment, etc.

2、狭义建筑物:指各类房屋,构筑物如树木、电梯、水暖设备等;

3. Standards for qualified buildings: applicable, economical and aesthetically pleasing;

3、合格建筑物的标准:适用、经济、美观;

Application: Safety, waterproofing, sound insulation, heat preservation and insulation, lighting, complete functions, reasonable spatial layout;

适用:安全、防水、隔声、保温隔热、采光、功能齐全、空间格局合理;

Economy: Reasonable purchase price, low energy consumption for maintenance, heating and air conditioning.

经济:购置价格合理、维修保养、采暖、空调能耗不高;

Aesthetics: Architectural form, color beauty, and harmony with the environment;

美观:建筑造型、色彩美感、与环境协调;

(6) Property concept

(六) 物业概念

1. Property: In a broad sense, property refers to real estate; in a narrow sense, it encompasses all types of buildings and their affiliated equipment, facilities, and related sites.

1、物业:广义的物业就是房地产,狭义的物业,包括各类房屋及其附属的设备、设施和相关场地;

All kinds of houses: They can be building complexes, such as residential communities, or a single residence.

各类房屋:可以是建筑群,如住宅小区,也可以是一幢住宅;

Ancillary equipment, facilities and related sites: These refer to all kinds of indoor and outdoor facilities, municipal public facilities, road traffic, etc. that are matched with the above-mentioned buildings.

附属的设备、设施和相关场地:是指与上述建筑物相配套的室内外各类设施、市政公用设施、道路交通等;

Ii. Common Knowledge of House Construction

二、房屋建筑常识

1. Floor area ratio

1、容积率:

The ratio of the total building area to the total land area, a technical and economic indicator reflecting the degree of land utilization, usage intensity and economic efficiency.

总建筑面积与总用地面积的比值, 反映土地利用程度、使用强度及其经济性的技术经济指标;

Floor area ratio = Total building area ÷ Land area;

容积率=建筑总面积÷用地面积;

Generally speaking: Ordinary residential buildings ≥1.0;

一般来讲:普通住宅≥1.0;

Non-ordinary residential properties < 1.0;

非普通住宅＜1.0;

2. Building density

2、建筑密度:

The proportion of the total area of all types of building land within the project land use scope to the total land area.

项目用地范围内各种建筑用地面积总和占总用地面积的比例.

The total area of the building base can also be divided by the total land area to reflect the vacant land ratio and the density of buildings within the construction land area.

也可以建筑物基底总面积÷总用地面积,反映建筑用地范围内的空地率和建筑物的密集程度;

3. Green coverage rate

3、绿化率:

It refers to the proportion of the total area of green space within the planned land use scope of the project to the planned construction land area.

指项目规划用地范围内绿化用地总面积占规划建设用地面积的比例;

4. Green space ratio

4、绿地率:

It describes the ratio of the total sum of all types of green Spaces within the residential area to the residential area land.

描述的是居住区用地范围内各类绿地的总和与居住区用地的比率;

2. Allocation of land use rights

2、土地使用权划拨:

指县级以上人民政府依法批准,在土地使用者缴纳补偿、安置等费用后将该幅土地交付其使用,或者将土地使用权无偿交付给土地使用者使用的行为;

Where the right to use land is obtained through allocation, there is no limit on the period of use, except as otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations.

以划拨方式取得土地使用权的,除法律、行政法规另有规定外,没有使用期限的限制;

下列建设用地的土地使用权,确属必须的,可由县级以上人民政府依法批准划拨: 国家机关用地和军事用地;

Urban infrastructure land and public welfare land;

城市基础设施用地和公益事业用地;

Land for key state-supported projects in energy, transportation, water conservancy, etc.

国家重点扶持的能源、交通、水利等项目用地;

Other land uses as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations;

法律、行政法规规定的其他用地;

(V) Architectural Concepts

(五) 建筑概念

1. Architecture: The general term for buildings and structures;

1、建筑:建筑物和构筑物的总称;

2. Narrow sense of buildings: Refers to all kinds of houses and structures such as trees, elevators, water and heating equipment, etc.

2、狭义建筑物:指各类房屋,构筑物如树木、电梯、水暖设备等;

3. Standards for qualified buildings: applicable, economical and aesthetically pleasing;

3、合格建筑物的标准:适用、经济、美观;

Application: Safety, waterproofing, sound insulation, heat preservation and insulation, lighting, complete functions, reasonable spatial layout;

适用:安全、防水、隔声、保温隔热、采光、功能齐全、空间格局合理;

Economy: Reasonable purchase price, low energy consumption for maintenance, heating and air conditioning.

经济:购置价格合理、维修保养、采暖、空调能耗不高;

Aesthetics: Architectural form, color beauty, and harmony with the environment;

美观:建筑造型、色彩美感、与环境协调;

(6) Property concept

(六) 物业概念

1. Property: In a broad sense, property refers to real estate; in a narrow sense, it encompasses all types of buildings and their affiliated equipment, facilities, and related sites.

1、物业:广义的物业就是房地产,狭义的物业,包括各类房屋及其附属的设备、设施和相关场地;

All kinds of houses: They can be building complexes, such as residential communities, or a single residence.

各类房屋:可以是建筑群,如住宅小区,也可以是一幢住宅;

附属的设备、设施和相关场地:是指与上述建筑物相配套的室内外各类设施、市政公用设施、道路交通等;

5. Floor height

5、层高:

The height of a residence is calculated in units of "floors", referring to the distance between the lower floor or slab surface and the upper floor surface.

住宅高度以“层”为单位计算,是指下层地板面或楼板面到上层楼层面之间的距离.

6. Clear height

6、净高:

It refers to the distance between the lower floor surface or the upper surface of the floor slab and the lower surface of the upper floor slab.

指下层地板面或楼板上表面到上层楼板下表面之间的距离.

Clear height = Floor height - floor slab thickness;

净高=层高-楼板厚度;

7. Depth:

7、进深:

It refers to the length of a residence, which is the actual length from the front wall to the back wall of an independent house or a residential building. To ensure that residences have good natural lighting and ventilation conditions, the depth of rooms in a large number of urban residential buildings in China is generally limited to about 5 meters and cannot be arbitrarily expanded.

指住宅的长度,指一间独立的房屋或一幢居住建筑从前墙皮到后墙皮之间的实际长度,为了保证住宅具有良好的自然采光和通风条件,目前我国大量城镇住宅房间的进深一般都限定在5米左右,不能任意扩大.

If the depth of a residence is too large, it will become long and narrow. The indoor space far from the doors and Windows will have insufficient natural light. However, a residence with a large depth can effectively save land.

住宅进深过大,就是住宅成为狭长型,距离门窗较远的室内空间自然光线不足,但进深大的住宅可以有效的节约用地;

8. Room:

8、开间:

The width of a residence refers to the actual distance between one side of the wall and the other side of the wall within a room. There are strict regulations on the bays of a residence in residential design.

指住宅的宽度,指一间房屋内一面墙皮之间到另一面墙皮之间的实际距离,住宅的开间在住宅设计上有严格的规定;

A smaller bay area can shorten the inter-floor span of the floor slab, enhancing the integrity, stability and seismic resistance of the residential structure.

较小的开间范围,可缩短楼板的层间跨度,增强住宅结构的整体性、稳定性和抗震性;

9. Building area:

9、建筑面积:

It refers to the horizontal area of the space enclosed by the outer walls of a building.

指建筑物外墙外围所围成空间的水平面积.

It includes the usable area for living in the house, the area occupied by walls and columns, the area of stairs and corridors, and other common areas, etc.

包含了房屋居住可用的实用面积、墙体柱体占地面积、楼梯走道面积、其它公摊面积等;

10. Common area:

10、公摊面积:

It refers to the total area of the stairs, elevator shafts, exterior walls, public lobbies, corridors, equipment rooms, first-floor lobbies of buildings and some other supporting facilities within the community.

指建筑物的楼梯、电梯井、外墙、公共门厅、走道、设备间、首层大堂及小区内其它一些配套设施的面积总和;

11. Usable area:

11、使用面积:

It is the net usable area directly available for residents' living after deducting the shared area and the area occupied by walls and columns from the building area, commonly known as the floor tile area.

它是建筑面积扣除公摊面积、及墙体柱体所占用的面积后的直接供住户生活的净使用面积,俗称地砖面积;

12. Land area:

12、占地面积:

The area occupied by the foundation of a building and its functions is also called the red line area.

建筑物基底及其功能需要占用的面积,也叫红线面积;

13. The usable floor area within the unit = the usable floor area within the unit + the floor area of the walls within the unit + the floor area of the balcony (the area of the terrace is calculated as half the area).

13、套内建筑面积=套内使用面积+套内墙体面积+阳台建筑面积(露台面积按半面积计算);

14. Building area = usable floor area + shared area;

14、建筑面积=套内建筑面积+公摊面积;

15. Sales area = usable floor area + shared common floor area.

15、销售面积=套内建筑面积+公摊的公用建筑面积;

Commercial housing is sold by "sets" or "units".

商品房按“套”或“单元”出售;

16. Common floor area = Total floor area of the entire building - floor area within the unit - floor area that should not be allocated.

16、公用建筑面积=整幢建筑面积-套内建筑面积和-不应分摊的建筑面积;

17. The shared common building area = the floor area within the unit × the coefficient of shared building area allocation.

17、公摊的公用建筑面积=套内建筑面积×公用建筑面积分摊系数;

18. Coefficient of shared building area allocation: Shared building area ÷ sum of usable building areas;

18、公用建筑面积分摊系数:公用建筑面积÷套内建筑面积之和;

19. The allocated common building area includes: lobbies, public halls, corridors, passageways, shared toilets, elevator lobbies, stairwells, elevator shafts, elevator machine rooms, garbage chutes, pipe shafts, fire control rooms, fire escape routes, pump rooms, water tank rooms, refrigeration machine rooms, distribution rooms, gas pressure regulating rooms, air conditioning rooms, elevator workers' rest rooms, duty guard rooms, satellite receiving machine rooms, etc.

19、分摊的公用建筑面积包括:大堂、公共大厅、走廊、过道、共厕、电梯前厅、楼梯间、电梯井、电梯机房、垃圾道、管道井、消防控制室、消防通道、水泵房、水箱间、冷冻机房、配电室、煤气调压室、空调房、电梯工休息室、值班警卫室、卫星接收机房等;

20. Unrecorded common areas: warehouses, garages, driveways, heating boiler rooms, civil air defense basements, property management rooms, self-operated and self-used houses of the housing sales unit, and guard rooms serving multiple buildings.

20、不记入的公摊面积:仓库、车库、车道、供暖锅炉房、人防地下室、物管用房、售房单位自营、自用房屋、多幢房屋服务的警卫室;

21. Practicality rate = Usable floor area within the unit ÷ Residential floor area;

21、实用率=套内建筑面积÷住宅建筑面积;

22. Utilization rate = usable area ÷ residential area. Generally, for high-rise towers, it is between 72% and 75%, and for slab buildings, it is between 78% and 80%.

22、使用率=使用面积÷住宅面积,一般高层塔楼在72%至75%之间,板楼在78%至80%之间;

Less than the practical rate;

小于实用率;

23. Basement

23、地下室:

It refers to the height at which the floor of a room is lower than the outdoor ground level, exceeding half of the room's clear height.

指房间地面低于室外地平面的高度超过该房间净高的1／2;

24. Semi-basement

24、半地下室:

It refers to the height at which the floor of a room is lower than the outdoor ground level, exceeding one third of the clear height of the room and not exceeding one half.

指房间地面低于室外地平面的高度超过该房间净高的1／3,且不超过1／2;

25. Balcony

25、阳台:

A space for residents to engage in outdoor activities, dry clothes, etc.

供居住者进行室外活动/晾晒衣物等的空间;

26. Platform

26、平台:

The upper roof or the part extending from the ground floor of a residence to the outside for residents to engage in outdoor activities;

供居住者进行室外活动的上屋面或由住宅底层地面伸出室外的部分;

27. Standard Floor

27、标准层:

Refers to residential floors with the same floor plan layout;

指平面布置相同的住宅楼层;

28. Middle layer:

28、中间层:

The middle floor between the ground floor and the highest entrance floor for residents.

底层和最高住户入口层之间的中间楼层.

Iii. Terminology in the Real Estate Industry

三、房地产行业术语:

(1) Indoor facilities:

（一）室内设施:

Four gases: heating, gas, water heater, air conditioner;

1、四气:暖气、煤气、热水器、空调;

2. Complete: Household appliances (TV, refrigerator, washing machine) and furniture (bed, wardrobe, sofa, TV cabinet, integrated kitchen cabinet);

2、全齐:家电(电视、冰箱、洗衣机)和家具(床、衣柜、沙发、电视柜、整体橱柜);

(II) Decoration Classification:

(二)装修分类:

1. Roughcast: cement floors, cement walls;

1、毛坯:水泥地、水泥墙;

2. Simple decoration: Floor tiles, white walls;

2、简装修:地砖、白墙;

3. Medium installation and repair: Large floor tiles, wooden floors;

3、中装修:大地砖、木地板;

4. Fine decoration and renovation: wooden flooring, door and window cladding;

4、精装修:木地板、包门、包窗;

5. Luxurious decoration: Avant-garde decoration and high-quality materials.

5、豪华装修:装修前卫、用料讲究;

(3) Layout and Area:

(三)户型及面积:

One-bedroom: Public housing area :30-50 square meters;

1、一居室:公房面积:30-50平米;

Commercial housing area :40-60 square meters;

商品房面积:40-60平米;

2. Two-bedroom: Public housing area :50-70 square meters;

2、二居室:公房面积:50-70平米;

Commercial housing area :70-100 square meters;

商品房面积:70-100平米;

3. Three-bedroom: Public housing area :60-90 square meters;

3、三居室:公房面积:60-90平米;

Commercial housing area :110-150 square meters;

商品房面积:110-150平米;

4. Floor jumping: The house uses a floor jumping layout, such as crossing two floors, three floors crossing four floors, etc.

4、越层:房屋使用层跳跃的房型,如一越二,三越四等;

5. Staggered floors: A house type with uneven ground within the building.

5、错层:房屋内地面错落的房型;

(4) Floor and Orientation:

(四) 楼层及朝向:

1. Floor description: A multi-storey building has 6 floors. The floor where the house is located is on the 3rd floor, abbreviated as 3/6.

1、楼层描述,多层楼房为6层,房屋所在层3层,简写3/6;

Advantages and disadvantages

优劣:

There is a saying among multi-storey buildings that "March is golden and April is silver", meaning that the third floor of a six-storey building is the best, and the fourth floor is the best.

楼房中多层楼有“金三银四”的说法,即六层楼三层最佳,四层次之;

The higher floors in high-rise buildings tend to have higher prices, except for the top floors in second-hand houses.

高层楼中楼层较高的价位也较高,但二手房中顶楼除外;

2. Orientation (based on the direction corresponding to the master bedroom window) The orientation of multi-story buildings is mostly north-south or east-west.

2、朝向(以主卧室窗户所对应的方向为准)多层楼朝向多为南北正向或东西侧向;

The orientation of high-rise slab buildings and multi-storey buildings is similar.

高层板楼与多层楼的朝向相似;

High-rise towers are mostly four-cornered, and their orientations are mostly southeast, southwest, northeast, northwest and various inclined directions.

高层塔楼多为四角,其朝向多为东南、西南、东北、西北及各种斜向;

Iv. Characteristics of Real Estate

四、房地产特性:

(1) Immobility;

(一) 不可移动性;

(2) Uniqueness;

(二) 独一无二性;

(3) Long service life;

(三) 寿命长久性;

(4) Limited quantity;

(四) 数量有限性;

(V) Diversity of uses;

(五) 用途多样性;

(6) Mutual influence;

(六) 相互影响性;

(7) Greatly influenced by policies and the market;

(七) 受政策\市场影响大;

(8) High bid;

(八) 标的高;

(9) Slow monetization;

(九) 变现慢;

(10) Preservation and appreciation of value;

(十)保值增值性;

V. House Classification and Detailed Explanation:

五、房屋分类及详解:

(1) Classified by the number of residential floors:

(一) 按住宅层数划分:

1. Low level: The number of floors is 1 to 3.

1、低层:层数为1-3层;

2. Multi-layer: The number of layers is 4 to 6.

2、多层:层数为4-6层;

3. Middle and high-rise buildings: The number of floors is 7 to 9.

3、中高层:层数为7-9层;

4. High-rise buildings: Over 10 floors;

4、高层:10层以上;

(2) Classified by nature of use:

(二) 按使用性质划分:

Productive buildings;

1、生产性建筑;

Factory buildings, workshops, etc.

厂房、车间等；

2. Non-productive buildings;

2、非生产性建筑;

Residential buildings: such as residences, etc.

居住建筑:如住宅等;

Public buildings: such as offices, cultural and sports facilities, transportation facilities, etc.

公共建筑:如办公、文体、交通等;

(3) Classification by structural type:

(三) 按结构类型划分:

1. Brick-concrete structure: The vertical load-bearing components of this type of building are brick walls or brick columns, and the horizontal load-bearing components are reinforced concrete floor slabs and roof slabs.

1、砖混结构:这类建筑物的竖向承重构件采用砖墙或砖柱，水平承重构件采用钢筋混凝土楼板、屋顶板。

This structure has small rooms and a low number of floors, and is generally used in multi-story buildings.

这种结构房间小、层数低，一般用于多层建筑中；

2. Frame structure: The load-bearing part of this structure is a framework formed by beams, slabs and columns made of reinforced concrete or steel, which can be used in small high-rise buildings.

2、框架结构:这种结构的承重部分是由钢筋混凝土或钢材制作的梁、板、柱形成的骨架，可用于小高层建筑;

3. Reinforced concrete shear wall structure;

3、钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构;

The vertical and horizontal load-bearing components of this type of building are all made of reinforced concrete and are mostly used in high-rise buildings

这类建筑物的竖向承重构件和水平承重构件均采用钢筋混凝土制作，多用于高层建筑

4. Spatial structure: including: cable structure, grid structure, shell structure, etc.

4、空间结构:包括:县索结构、网架结构、壳体结构等。

Such as stadiums, grand theaters, etc.

如体育馆、大剧院等；

(4) Classified by building materials:

(四) 按建筑材料划分:

1. Brick-concrete: Red bricks and cement;

1、砖混:红砖与水泥;

The main load-bearing components are constructed with bricks and concrete.

承重的主要构件是用砖和混凝土建造的;

2. Steel-concrete: Cast, the most solid.

2、钢混:浇注、最为结实;

The main load-bearing components are constructed with steel and reinforced concrete.

承重的主要构件是用钢、钢筋混凝土建造的;

3. Precast slabs: Precast concrete slabs and steel bars;

3、预制板:预制的混凝土板与钢筋;

The main load-bearing components are constructed with reinforced concrete.

承重的主要构件是用钢筋混凝土建造的.

Buildings including thin-shell structures, large formwork cast-in-place structures, and reinforced concrete structures constructed using sliding formwork, lifting slabs, etc.

包括薄壳结构、大模板现浇结构及使用滑模、升板等建造的钢筋混凝土结构的建筑物;

(V) Classification by building type and appearance:

(五) 按楼型外观划分:

1. Slab building

1、板楼:

It refers to a residence composed of multiple residential units, each of which is equipped with a staircase or both a staircase and an elevator.

是指由多个住宅单元组合而成,每单元均设有楼梯或楼梯、电梯皆有的住宅;

Each unit has its own separate staircase and elevator.

每个单元用自己单独的楼梯、电梯;

The basic form of slab buildings: Multi-story: less than 6 floors;

板楼基本形式:多层:６层以下;

Small high-rise buildings: Within 7 to 12 floors;

小高层:7-12层以内;

High-rise: 13th to 18th floors;

高层:13-18层;

Super high-rise: Over 18 floors or even higher;

超高层:18层以上甚至更高;

2. Tower

2、塔楼:

It mainly refers to high-rise residential buildings where multiple units are arranged with shared staircases and elevators as the core.

主要是指以共用楼梯、电梯为核心布置多套住房的高层住宅.

In simple terms, the layout of the tower is centered around elevators and stairs. After reaching the floor, one can directly enter the interior by walking in all directions.

通俗地说,塔楼以电梯、楼梯为布局核心,上到楼层之后,向四面走可以直接进入户内;

Basic forms of towers: butterfly-shaped, triangular, Z-shaped, combined tower and slab, cross-shaped, square towers.

塔楼基本形式:蝶型、品字型、Z字型、塔板结合、十字型、方形塔楼;

Supplementary: Tube Building: Bathrooms and kitchens are shared collectively.

补充：筒子楼:卫生间、厨房都集体公用；

Office building: For office use;

写字楼:办公使用;

(6) Classified by house type:

(六) 按房屋户型划分:

One-bedroom apartment;

1、一居室;

One bedroom

一卧室;

2. Two-bedroom;

2、二居室;

Two bedrooms

二卧室;

3. Three-bedroom;

3、三居室;

Three bedrooms

三卧室;

4. Multi-bedroom;

4、多居室;

Multi-bedroom;

多卧室;

5. Split-level: This mainly refers to a situation where a house is not on the same plane, that is, the living room, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen and balcony within the house are on several planes of different heights.

5、错层:主要指的是一套房子不处于同一平面，即房内的厅、卧、卫、厨、阳台处于几个高度不同的平面上。

6. Duplex: A duplex residence is a unit that occupies two floors and is connected to the upper and lower floors by an internal staircase.

6、跃层:跃层住宅是一套住宅占两个楼层,有内部楼梯联系上下层;

Generally, the living room, kitchen, dining room and bathroom are arranged on the first floor, and it is best to have one bedroom. On the second floor, bedrooms, studies and bathrooms are arranged, etc.

一般在首层安排起居室、厨房、餐厅、卫生间,最好有一间卧室,二层安排卧室、书房和卫生间等。

7. Duplex: A duplex residence is conceptually one floor, but its floor height is higher than that of an ordinary residence. A mezzanine can be partially opened up to arrange bedrooms or studies and other contents, and stairs are used to connect the upper and lower floors.

7、复式:复式住宅在概念上是一层，但层高较普通的住宅高，可在局部掏出夹层，安排卧室或书房等内容，用楼梯联系上下。

The aim is to enhance the utilization rate of residential space.

其目的是提高住宅空间利用率。

(7) Classification by nature of property rights:

(七) 按产权性质划分:

1. Commercial housing: It refers to the houses invested and constructed by various real estate development companies with the aim of making profits and operated in accordance with market rules.

1、商品房：指各房地产开发公司投资兴建的，以赢利为目的，按市场规律经营的房子；