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Check the five certificates
查看五证
If you purchase a pre-sale property, you must ensure that the developer has all the five certificates and two books, which is the most important item among the basic knowledge about buying a house. The so-called five certificates refer to the "State-owned Land Use Certificate", "Building Land Planning Permit", "Building Construction Planning Permit", "Building Construction Permit" and "Commercial Housing Pre-sale Permit". Only with these five certificates and two books can the property ownership certificate be obtained. This is a prerequisite and the developer must have settled the land transfer fees for the land acquisition and the property itself must not be mortgaged during this process.
购买期房的话，则一定要确定开发商五证两书一表齐全，这是关于买房的基本知识中最重要的一项，所谓五证就是指《国有土地使用证》、《建筑用地规划许可证》、《建筑工程规划许可证》、《建筑工程施工许可证》和《商品房预售许可证》，有了五证两书才能办房产证，这是个先决条件，而且这个过程中开发商拿地的出让金都结清，楼盘本身没抵押才行。
The two books are the quality guarantee certificate and the user manual.
两书为质量保证书和使用说明书。
These two books are obtained after the completion of the house construction and its passing of the acceptance inspection.
这两书是房屋竣工并且通过验收后获得的。
The house cannot be handed over without passing the acceptance inspection.
房子盖完了没有通过验收不行。
The one sheet is the completion filing sheet.
一表为竣工备案表。
This is stamped and handed over by the local quality inspection station after all the acceptance work is completed and then given to the developer.
这个是由当地质检站在所有验收工作完成以后加盖公章交给开发商的。
2. Selecting the Developer
2、选择开发商
Among the precautions for first-time home buyers, carefully choosing the developer is also very important. Because a good development company must have a good concept, a good team and good property management services. The developed and serviced residential areas by such a company have withstood the test of time and can be praised by the owners.
新手第一次买房注意事项中慎重选择开发商也很重要，因为一个好的开发公司它必然有一个好的理念和好的团队、好的物管服务，它已经开发和服务的小区是经得起时间的检验，可以得到业主的口碑传颂的。
A developer with a good reputation is a guarantee for the quality of the house. Generally, good developers have high qualifications and sufficient funds.
好口碑的开发商是房屋质量的保障，一般好的开发商资质高、资金充足。
3. Selecting the House Plan
3、挑选户型
Tips for Beginners When Buying a House: When choosing the house layout, you must be careful. Different orientations and different ventilation and lighting conditions will directly affect the living comfort of the homeowners. The maigoo editor has compiled several points for us: 1. North-south ventilation, square layout, excellent lighting and ventilation;
新手购房须知，户型的挑选不能马虎，不同朝向、不同通风采光的户型会直接影响业主的居住舒适度，maigoo小编为大家整理了几点：1、南北通透，户型方正，采光通风俱佳；
2. Orientation: South-facing > Southeast > Southwest > East > West > North;
2、朝向优劣：正南>东南>西南>东>西>北；
3. Opposite-side ventilation, which is the best ventilation condition;
3、对侧通风，是通风条件最好的；
4. Inside the house, the area distribution of each functional area is uniform, the span: depth = 1:1.5;
4、房子内部，各功能区域面积分布均匀，开间：进深=1:1.5；
5. Distinction between active and passive areas, the bedroom should not be crowded with the living room, dining room and kitchen.
5、动静分区，卧室与客餐厅、厨房不要挤在一起。
4. Selecting the Floor
4、 挑选楼层
Choosing the floor is just as important as choosing the house layout. One of the key points in the initial home-buying knowledge is that different floors have varying degrees of differences in terms of ventilation and lighting, view and landscape, as well as the privacy and living comfort of the owners, and even noise pollution and travel convenience. Generally speaking, lower floors are more convenient for travel, and in case of an emergency, it is easier to escape. However, the ventilation, lighting, and view are relatively worse on higher floors, with poorer privacy and more severe noise pollution.
挑选楼层也像挑选户型一样重要，初次买房须知中的关键一项，不同的楼层，房子的通风采光、视野景观以及业主的私密性、居住舒适度，甚至噪音污染、出行便利性等都或多或少有所不同，一般来说，低楼层出行更方便，如遇意外也更容易逃生，但是通风、采光、视野等相对高楼层较差，私密性较差，噪音污染也严重；
On the other hand, high floors have good views, fresh air, and better ventilation and lighting. However, if the elevator malfunctions, it may affect travel. In general, the floors between 1/3 and 2/3 of a building are the better floors, belonging to the "golden floors" that are neither too high nor too low.
高楼层视野好、空气清新，通风采光都更佳，但是如果电梯故障，可能会影响出行，总的来说，一栋楼的1/3至2/3之间的楼层是较好的楼层，属于不高不低的“黄金楼”。
5. Learn more about house selection knowledge
5、多学习选房知识
Learning never stops. Reading this 18-point guide on buying a house indicates that the readers are already making efforts. Many homebuyers believe that the current housing prices are too high. Therefore, when buying a house, they usually choose楼盘 with lower prices in the same area and location， or when looking at the property， they focus on the good location without considering the floor plan， internal environment， property management services， and living costs. This is like buying a piece of clothing； you only care about the style but ignore the fabric， price， etc. The correct approach is to learn more about house selection knowledge， pay attention to the quality of the floor plan and the condition of the house， and focus on the essential information.
学无止境，能看到这篇买房须知的18个常识就说明读者朋友已经在努力了，很多购房者认为，当下房价过高，所以买房时，一般会在同等区域、同等地段选择价位便宜的楼盘，或者买房时看到区位好而不管户型、内部环境、物管服务、生活成本等，这就像买一件衣服，你只管款式而不管布料、价格等，正确的做法是多学习选房知识，关注户型好坏，房屋质量等干货。
6. Assess购房 capability
6、评估购房能力
Even if one has acquired a lot of basic knowledge about buying a house, many people still fail to have a clear understanding of their own financial capabilities, which is quite unwise. Before buying a house, it is essential to assess one's purchasing ability and act within one's means. For those who are in the need category, due to limited financial resources, they usually choose to buy a house through loans.
即使掌握了很多关于买房的基本知识，但很多人却对自己的经济能力认识不清，这也是很不明智的，买房之前一定要评估自己的购房能力，量力而行，对于刚需族来说，由于经济能力有限，所以都会采取贷款的方式买房。
And for each loan, a certain amount of monthly payment is required. To ensure that one's quality of life is not affected and to avoid the risk of default, the editor of maigoo suggests that the monthly payment amount should be controlled within 50% of one's total income.
而贷款每个月需要交一定数额的月供，为了保证生活质量不受影响，避免断供的风险，maigoo小编建议月供的数额最好控制在总收入的50％以内。
Moreover, not only the current income should be evaluated, but also the short-term job development potential in the next three to five years, as well as the possible career arrangements in the next ten to twenty years. It also includes your usual consumption habits and the health conditions of your family members. Finally, an estimate should be made of a figure.
而且不仅要评估当前收入，还包括你接下来三至五年内短期的工作发展潜力以及未来十年至二十年后可能的职业安排，同时还包括你平时的消费习惯，以及家人的健康状况等，最后估算出一个数据。
7. Check the discounts
7、看优惠
Waiting for the right opportunity to make a purchase is also an important piece of knowledge that home buyers should know. Buying a house originally requires a significant amount of money. When making the purchase, one can save some money if possible. Therefore, home buyers should be aware of some preferential policies for buying houses.
等待时机抓住又会也是买房须知的重要常识，买房子原本要花比较多的钱，买房子的时候能省一些算一些，所以购房者要懂得一些买房子的优惠政策。
For friends who are purchasing their first house, generally, they can enjoy the first-time homebuyer policy, which means they can enjoy it as long as they have never bought a house or have no loan record. Developers often seek "connections" to make home buyers feel that "houses are hard to come by". During the house purchase process, the career advisor will also say that if you wait for one more day, the house will be taken by others. In this way, people will make impulsive purchases. Everyone must be patient.
对于初次购买房屋的朋友来说，一般情况下都能享受首套房优惠政策，也就是说只要没买过房或没有贷款记录就可享受，开发商经常找“托”这样让购房者觉得“一房难求”在买房的时候职业顾问也会说再考虑一天就会被别人抢走房源，这样一来就会冲动消费，大家一定要耐住性子。
8. Look more and compare more
8多看多比较
When young people buy a house, they should avoid being overly extravagant and thinking of getting everything at once. They must compare several options just like when buying something else. Through comparison, they can gain some experience. However, real estate is highly comprehensive as it covers a wide range of aspects. The key is to check whether all the contents they are concerned about are covered comprehensively during the comparison process. And based on their own affordability, make a reasonable decision. Because there is no perfect house, and it is impossible to consider all the details when buying a house.
年轻人买房时，最好不要好大喜贵，而且还想着一步到位，一定要像买东西一样货比三家，经过比较能获得有些经验，而房产综合性太强，它包含的面太宽，主要看你在比较过程中关心的内容全不全面，而且根据自己能承受的范围做出合理的决定，因为没有十全十美的房子，买房也不可能考虑到各方面的细节。
9. Review the plan
9、看规划
When buying a house, one should choose the right building, the appropriate neighborhood, and the suitable floor plan. However, one cannot only focus on the house itself; the location of the house is also an important factor to consider. This is a crucial point in the knowledge and precautions for buying a house. Professionals in the real estate industry first look at the location when purchasing a property. The Chinese tycoon Li Ka-shing once said, "The factors determining the value of real estate are, first, the location, second, the location, and third, still the location."
买房当然要挑楼盘，挑小区，挑户型，但是也不能只看房子，还要看房子的位置，这也是买房须知和注意事项中很重要的一点，内行人买房首先看的是地段，华人首富李嘉诚也说过：“决定房地产价值的因素，第一是地段，第二是地段，第三还是地段。”
Properties in good locations have greater potential for preservation or appreciation. The risk of purchasing a house is relatively smaller in urban areas rather than in remote suburbs. Even if the housing prices drop in the future, the properties in less remote areas will be the first to decline. Properties with good locations usually see the price drop last.
好地段的房产保值或升值的空间更大，购房风险相对城市偏远郊区较小，就算未来房价暴跌，首先下跌的也是地段较偏的房产，地段好的房产房价一般都是最后下降的。
It is recommended that when purchasing a house, one should keep up with the direction of urban development.
建议大家在购置房产时，要切记紧跟城市发展的方向。
10. Floor spacing
10、楼间隔
What is building spacing?
什么是楼间隔？
It is similar to the distance between the exterior walls of two adjacent buildings. It is the distance between two adjacent buildings in the same residential area. The control of building spacing is to ensure the quality and safety of people's work and life. A residential area with wide building spacing may not necessarily be a good one. A residential area with extremely wide building spacing can also be a good one. The wide spacing provides a quiet, private and expansive view for the residents. It is also a platform for landscape construction. However, building a landscape environment that is quiet, private and comfortable using this platform is the opposite. The building spacing is not particularly wide. But this concept and team have created a beautiful, comfortable and healthy environment, which is also called a good residential area.
就好似两相邻楼的外墙面距离，同一个小区两栋相邻的楼与楼之间的距离，建筑间距的控制是为了保障人们工作、生活的质量与安全，大楼间隔宽的住宅区不一定能建造好的住宅区，大楼间隔特别宽也能建造好的住宅区，间隔宽是业主生活安静、隐私、视野广阔，也是景观建设的平台，但是利用平台建造景观安静、隐私、舒适的环境相反，大楼的间隔并不特别宽，但是这样的理念和团队创造了美丽、舒适、健康的环境，也被称为好的住宅区。
11. Community Environment
11、小区环境
The condition of the community environment is an important piece of knowledge that one must consider when buying a house. The community's landscape, greenery, and facilities are closely related to daily life and also reflect the quality of the property. Large supermarkets, hospitals, and schools are related to the convenience of life;
重点看小区环境是买房须知的重要常识，小区景观、绿化、配套等与生活密切相关，更是楼盘质量的体现，大超市、医院、学校，关乎生活便捷度；
whether it is an educational zone property affects the child's schooling;
是否是学区房，关乎小孩上学；
nearby bus routes and subway lines determine the convenience of transportation;
附近的公交线路、地铁线路，交通是否便捷；
good community facilities and surrounding配套设施 are also relatively complete. Not only do the internal facilities such as water， electricity， gas， gas， broadband， parking lots， public toilets， multi-functional children's activity spaces， park areas for leisure， and property management companies meet the daily living needs of the owners， but there are also multi-functional service facilities such as convenience stores， markets， food stores， pharmacies， small supermarkets， schools， bus stops or subway stations to meet the higher needs of the owners and their children for clothing， food， housing and transportation.
好小区内部和周边的配套设施也相对完善一些，不仅水、电、燃气、煤气、宽带、停车场、公共厕所、多功能儿童活动空间、园区休闲场所、物业公司等内部配套设施能满足业主的日常居住需求，周边还有便利店、菜市场、食品店、药店、小型超市、学校、公交站点或者地铁站点等多功能服务配套满足业主以及孩子的衣食住行的更高需求。
12. Avoid the floors
12、避免楼层
When choosing a floor, it is often not as one wishes. Since one can't get the "golden floor", at least avoid choosing some really bad ones, such as the extreme floors, the top floor and the bottom floor. These are not recommended for purchase. If one chooses a lower floor for a high-rise residence, the lighting might not be very good, and it is prone to being damp and moldy, and mosquitoes may breed there.
选择楼层的时候经常是不随人愿，既然选不到“黄金楼层”，至少不要选到一些太糟糕的，比如极端层，顶层和底层不建议买，高层住宅如果选择低楼层的房子的话，采光可能就不是很好，而且容易潮湿，发霉，滋生蚊子。
The top floor is likely to have water leakage problems. Although it can be repaired, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the repair time may be infinitely prolonged.
顶层容易出现漏水现象，虽然能修理但耗时耗力，修理时间极可能被无限延长。
The equipment floor is a middle floor specifically for water supply and power supply. If one lives near the equipment floor all year round, not only will the noise from the machines and equipment torture one to the point of being unable to rest, but the radiation from the machines will also affect one's health.
设备层则是专门供水，供电的中间楼层，要是常年居住在设备层的附近的话，不仅机器设备的噪音把人折磨得无法休息，连机器的辐射也会影响人的身体健康。
13. Price Selection
13、价格挑选
Many home buyers believe that the housing price is the most crucial factor when purchasing a house.
很多购房者认为房价才是买房最关键的因素，其实不然，适不适合自己才是最关键的。
However, this is not true. What really matters is whether it suits you or not. Within your own financial capacity, if you can accept a higher price, then you will consider a house with a good location, good facilities, good layout, and good floor as the best one. Even if the price is higher, you will still be willing to buy it. But if your financial resources are limited and your ability is also limited, then you will probably feel that wherever you buy, the price will be too high. You might even think that the cheaper the price, the better.
在自己能力范围内，如果房价偏高你也能接受，这样你就会觉得地段好、配套好、户型好、楼层好的房子才是最好的，就算房价贵点也愿意买。
When choosing the price, you should consider factors such as your personal affordability, transportation conditions, community environment, and floor plan structure to evaluate the price of the property.
但是，如果你能力有限、购房资金有限，那么估计买哪里都会觉得贵，甚至觉得房价越便宜越好，价格挑选要比较个人承受范围、交通状况、社区环境、户型结构等条件衡量楼盘价格。
14. Don't be greedy for size.
14、不要贪大
When buying a house, it is crucial not to go for overly large properties. The key is to choose a house based on practicality. Nowadays, young people prefer to live alone, so a 80-90 square meter two-bedroom or a small three-bedroom is usually sufficient for daily living. If you insist on buying a large house, it will not only be impractical but also involve certain taxes. The dividing line between luxury houses and ordinary residences in China is 144 square meters. Therefore, when purchasing a house, do not exceed 140 square meters. Besides the higher taxes, for various expenses such as property management fees and heating fees, the costs will also be much higher. In the long run, the extra money saved might be enough for a down payment in the future.
买房一定不要贪大是买房时的重要事项，面积以适用为原则，不要为大而大，现在年轻人都喜欢独自出来居住，所以一般买个80、90平的大两室或者小三室就完全足够居住，非要买大房子，不仅不实用，而且还会涉及到一定的税费，国家区分豪宅和普通住宅的分界线就是144平米，所以在购买房子的时候，不要超过140平，除了税费要多交不少，对于一些物业费取暖费等等各个方面都会高出很多，长时间算下来，多出的这些没准在日后还能多出一套首付钱。
15. Considering the issue of children
15、考虑孩子问题
Considering children is extremely important when buying a house. Since marriage and love are significant reasons for purchasing a house, then children become an inevitable factor to be taken into account. Firstly, when choosing the house type, one must consider the children's rooms. The house type for purchase should preferably be a two-bedroom or larger;
考虑孩子是买房时非常必要的，既然婚恋是买房子的重要原因，那么孩子就是一个不得不考虑的因素，首先在购房的户型上必须考虑孩子的房间，购房的户型最好要两居室以上；
secondly, it is necessary to pay attention to the examination of the surrounding educational facilities. Children need to go to school, from kindergarten to primary school to secondary school. At the same time, safety issues on the way to school should also be considered. Try to choose a house that is close to the location.
其次那就是注意考察周边的教育设施配套，孩子要上学，从幼儿园到小学到中学，同时还要考虑孩子路上的安全问题，尽量选择距离近的房子。
This can save a lot of time for the children, allowing them to have sufficient time for study and rest.
这样可以给孩子节约大量的时间，让孩子有充裕的时间学习和休息。
16. Understanding the Property
16、了解物业
The quality of property management depends on whether there is a professional team, whether there are complete facilities and sound internal management.
物管的好坏要看有没有专业的团队，有无完善的设施、健全的内部管理。
Different property management companies provide vastly different services. Whether a property management company can fulfill its tasks perfectly is related to the overall quality of the community.
不同的物业公司所做的服务千差万别，物业公司能否尽善尽美地完成自己的任务牵扯到小区的整体质量。
Ensuring safety and providing routine services are the basic duties of property management. A good property management mainly depends on whether it can achieve a harmonious community environment together with the owners and change the neighborhood relationship to provide a communication platform for the owners.
保障安全、常规服务是物管的基本职责，好的物管主要看能否与业主达到共建和谐的社区环境，改变邻里关系为业主提供交流平台。
The purpose of the activities is not just to be lively and enjoyable, but to make the relationship between owners and owners, and between owners and property management, more harmonious. Whether the property management's dedication and care can be sustained is the most important. The final evaluation result is the reputation and benefit of the owners.
活动的目的，不止热闹高兴，而是使业主与业主间、业主与物管间更加融洽，物管的用心和细心能不能坚持下去是最重要的，最后的评比结果是业主的口碑效益。
17. Deposit for House Purchase
17、购房定金
"Deposit" and "guarantee deposit" are different legal concepts. This is a common practice adopted by developers to avoid legal liability. According to the "Guarantee Law of the People's Republic of China", the amount of the guarantee deposit is agreed upon by the parties involved, but it shall not exceed 20% of the subject matter of the main contract.
“订金”与“定金”是不同的法律概念，这是开发商欲规避法律责任的惯用做法，《中华人民共和国担保法》规定：定金的数额由当事人约定，但不得超过主合同标的额的20％。
In the transaction of commercial housing, after the buyer fulfills the contract, the guarantee deposit should be used as payment or returned;
商品房交易中，买家履行合同后，定金应当抵作价款或者收回；
if the buyer fails to fulfill the contract, they have no right to request the return of the deposit. If the developer fails to fulfill the contract, they should return double the deposit.
若买家不履行合同，无权要求返还定金，开发商不履行合同的，应双倍返还定金。
However, "deposit" is not a standardized legal concept. In fact, it has the nature of a prepayment and does not have the nature of guarantee.
而订金并非一个规范的法律概念，实际上它具有预付款的性质，并不具备担保性质。
Many developers offer discounts such as "how much you pay, how much you get back", but a certain deposit needs to be paid. It should be noted that the deposit paid here cannot be refunded.
很多开发商会打出多少抵多少的优惠活动，但是需要缴纳一定的定金，要知道这里交了的定金是不能退的。
Distinguishing between "deposit" and "guarantee deposit" is the most crucial thing for buyers when purchasing a house.
辨别“订金”与“定金”是买房必知的重中之重。
18. Sign the purchase agreement
18、签认购书
Homebuyers should be cautious when signing the purchase agreement. The purchase agreement is an appointment contract for the sale of commercial housing and is an independent contract.
购房者应慎签认购书，认购书是商品房买卖的预约合同，是独立合同。
Signing the purchase agreement often leads to a series of disputes. Specifically, when buyers want to get their deposit back, the developer may not necessarily refund it.
签认购书时常会引发一系列纠纷，具体表现在购房者要收回定金，而发展商却不一定会退还。
Therefore, to avoid more troubles, buyers can ask the developer to show them the sample of the formal contract when they decide to buy a house. The house sale contract usually only makes commitments regarding the house itself, but the seller may give you many oral promises to sign the contract. If you think the formal contract is acceptable, then sign the purchase agreement before signing the formal contract to avoid being trapped.
因此，为避免过多的麻烦，购房者在决定买房，可以向发展商提出看正式合同样本，房屋买卖合同一般只会对房子本身做出承诺，但是售房者很可能为了签单而给你很多的口头承诺，在觉得正式合同可以接受的情况下，再签署认购书，以免被套牢。
Check the five certificates
查看五证
If you purchase a pre-sale property, you must ensure that the developer has all the five certificates and two books, which is the most important item among the basic knowledge about buying a house. The so-called five certificates refer to the "State-owned Land Use Certificate", "Building Land Planning Permit", "Building Construction Planning Permit", "Building Construction Permit" and "Commercial Housing Pre-sale Permit". Only with these five certificates and two books can the property ownership certificate be obtained. This is a prerequisite and the developer must have settled the land transfer fees for the land acquisition and the property itself must not be mortgaged during this process.
购买期房的话，则一定要确定开发商五证两书一表齐全，这是关于买房的基本知识中最重要的一项，所谓五证就是指《国有土地使用证》、《建筑用地规划许可证》、《建筑工程规划许可证》、《建筑工程施工许可证》和《商品房预售许可证》，有了五证两书才能办房产证，这是个先决条件，而且这个过程中开发商拿地的出让金都结清，楼盘本身没抵押才行。
The two books are the quality guarantee certificate and the user manual.
两书为质量保证书和使用说明书。
These two books are obtained after the completion of the house construction and its passing of the acceptance inspection.
这两书是房屋竣工并且通过验收后获得的。
The house cannot be handed over without passing the acceptance inspection.
房子盖完了没有通过验收不行。
The one sheet is the completion filing sheet.
一表为竣工备案表。
This is stamped and handed over by the local quality inspection station after all the acceptance work is completed and then given to the developer.
这个是由当地质检站在所有验收工作完成以后加盖公章交给开发商的。
2. Selecting the Developer
2、选择开发商
Among the precautions for first-time home buyers, carefully choosing the developer is also very important. Because a good development company must have a good concept, a good team and good property management services. The developed and serviced residential areas by such a company have withstood the test of time and can be praised by the owners.
新手第一次买房注意事项中慎重选择开发商也很重要，因为一个好的开发公司它必然有一个好的理念和好的团队、好的物管服务，它已经开发和服务的小区是经得起时间的检验，可以得到业主的口碑传颂的。
A developer with a good reputation is a guarantee for the quality of the house. Generally, good developers have high qualifications and sufficient funds.
好口碑的开发商是房屋质量的保障，一般好的开发商资质高、资金充足。
3. Selecting the House Plan
3、挑选户型
Tips for Beginners When Buying a House: When choosing the house layout, you must be careful. Different orientations and different ventilation and lighting conditions will directly affect the living comfort of the homeowners. The maigoo editor has compiled several points for us: 1. North-south ventilation, square layout, excellent lighting and ventilation;
新手购房须知，户型的挑选不能马虎，不同朝向、不同通风采光的户型会直接影响业主的居住舒适度，maigoo小编为大家整理了几点：1、南北通透，户型方正，采光通风俱佳；
2. Orientation: South-facing > Southeast > Southwest > East > West > North;
2、朝向优劣：正南>东南>西南>东>西>北；
3. Opposite-side ventilation, which is the best ventilation condition;
3、对侧通风，是通风条件最好的；
4. Inside the house, the area distribution of each functional area is uniform, the span: depth = 1:1.5;
4、房子内部，各功能区域面积分布均匀，开间：进深=1:1.5；
5. Distinction between active and passive areas, the bedroom should not be crowded with the living room, dining room and kitchen.
5、动静分区，卧室与客餐厅、厨房不要挤在一起。
4. Selecting the Floor
4、 挑选楼层
Choosing the floor is just as important as choosing the house layout. One of the key points in the initial home-buying knowledge is that different floors have varying degrees of differences in terms of ventilation and lighting, view and landscape, as well as the privacy and living comfort of the owners, and even noise pollution and travel convenience. Generally speaking, lower floors are more convenient for travel, and in case of an emergency, it is easier to escape. However, the ventilation, lighting, and view are relatively worse on higher floors, with poorer privacy and more severe noise pollution.
挑选楼层也像挑选户型一样重要，初次买房须知中的关键一项，不同的楼层，房子的通风采光、视野景观以及业主的私密性、居住舒适度，甚至噪音污染、出行便利性等都或多或少有所不同，一般来说，低楼层出行更方便，如遇意外也更容易逃生，但是通风、采光、视野等相对高楼层较差，私密性较差，噪音污染也严重；
On the other hand, high floors have good views, fresh air, and better ventilation and lighting. However, if the elevator malfunctions, it may affect travel. In general, the floors between 1/3 and 2/3 of a building are the better floors, belonging to the "golden floors" that are neither too high nor too low.
高楼层视野好、空气清新，通风采光都更佳，但是如果电梯故障，可能会影响出行，总的来说，一栋楼的1/3至2/3之间的楼层是较好的楼层，属于不高不低的“黄金楼”。
5. Learn more about house selection knowledge
5、多学习选房知识
Learning never stops. Reading this 18-point guide on buying a house indicates that the readers are already making efforts. Many homebuyers believe that the current housing prices are too high. Therefore, when buying a house, they usually choose楼盘 with lower prices in the same area and location， or when looking at the property， they focus on the good location without considering the floor plan， internal environment， property management services， and living costs. This is like buying a piece of clothing； you only care about the style but ignore the fabric， price， etc. The correct approach is to learn more about house selection knowledge， pay attention to the quality of the floor plan and the condition of the house， and focus on the essential information.
学无止境，能看到这篇买房须知的18个常识就说明读者朋友已经在努力了，很多购房者认为，当下房价过高，所以买房时，一般会在同等区域、同等地段选择价位便宜的楼盘，或者买房时看到区位好而不管户型、内部环境、物管服务、生活成本等，这就像买一件衣服，你只管款式而不管布料、价格等，正确的做法是多学习选房知识，关注户型好坏，房屋质量等干货。
6. Assess购房 capability
6、评估购房能力
Even if one has acquired a lot of basic knowledge about buying a house, many people still fail to have a clear understanding of their own financial capabilities, which is quite unwise. Before buying a house, it is essential to assess one's purchasing ability and act within one's means. For those who are in the need category, due to limited financial resources, they usually choose to buy a house through loans.
即使掌握了很多关于买房的基本知识，但很多人却对自己的经济能力认识不清，这也是很不明智的，买房之前一定要评估自己的购房能力，量力而行，对于刚需族来说，由于经济能力有限，所以都会采取贷款的方式买房。
And for each loan, a certain amount of monthly payment is required. To ensure that one's quality of life is not affected and to avoid the risk of default, the editor of maigoo suggests that the monthly payment amount should be controlled within 50% of one's total income.
而贷款每个月需要交一定数额的月供，为了保证生活质量不受影响，避免断供的风险，maigoo小编建议月供的数额最好控制在总收入的50％以内。
Moreover, not only the current income should be evaluated, but also the short-term job development potential in the next three to five years, as well as the possible career arrangements in the next ten to twenty years. It also includes your usual consumption habits and the health conditions of your family members. Finally, an estimate should be made of a figure.
而且不仅要评估当前收入，还包括你接下来三至五年内短期的工作发展潜力以及未来十年至二十年后可能的职业安排，同时还包括你平时的消费习惯，以及家人的健康状况等，最后估算出一个数据。
7. Check the discounts
7、看优惠
Waiting for the right opportunity to make a purchase is also an important piece of knowledge that home buyers should know. Buying a house originally requires a significant amount of money. When making the purchase, one can save some money if possible. Therefore, home buyers should be aware of some preferential policies for buying houses.
等待时机抓住又会也是买房须知的重要常识，买房子原本要花比较多的钱，买房子的时候能省一些算一些，所以购房者要懂得一些买房子的优惠政策。
For friends who are purchasing their first house, generally, they can enjoy the first-time homebuyer policy, which means they can enjoy it as long as they have never bought a house or have no loan record. Developers often seek "connections" to make home buyers feel that "houses are hard to come by". During the house purchase process, the career advisor will also say that if you wait for one more day, the house will be taken by others. In this way, people will make impulsive purchases. Everyone must be patient.
对于初次购买房屋的朋友来说，一般情况下都能享受首套房优惠政策，也就是说只要没买过房或没有贷款记录就可享受，开发商经常找“托”这样让购房者觉得“一房难求”在买房的时候职业顾问也会说再考虑一天就会被别人抢走房源，这样一来就会冲动消费，大家一定要耐住性子。
8. Look more and compare more
8多看多比较
When young people buy a house, they should avoid being overly extravagant and thinking of getting everything at once. They must compare several options just like when buying something else. Through comparison, they can gain some experience. However, real estate is highly comprehensive as it covers a wide range of aspects. The key is to check whether all the contents they are concerned about are covered comprehensively during the comparison process. And based on their own affordability, make a reasonable decision. Because there is no perfect house, and it is impossible to consider all the details when buying a house.
年轻人买房时，最好不要好大喜贵，而且还想着一步到位，一定要像买东西一样货比三家，经过比较能获得有些经验，而房产综合性太强，它包含的面太宽，主要看你在比较过程中关心的内容全不全面，而且根据自己能承受的范围做出合理的决定，因为没有十全十美的房子，买房也不可能考虑到各方面的细节。
9. Review the plan
9、看规划
When buying a house, one should choose the right building, the appropriate neighborhood, and the suitable floor plan. However, one cannot only focus on the house itself; the location of the house is also an important factor to consider. This is a crucial point in the knowledge and precautions for buying a house. Professionals in the real estate industry first look at the location when purchasing a property. The Chinese tycoon Li Ka-shing once said, "The factors determining the value of real estate are, first, the location, second, the location, and third, still the location."
买房当然要挑楼盘，挑小区，挑户型，但是也不能只看房子，还要看房子的位置，这也是买房须知和注意事项中很重要的一点，内行人买房首先看的是地段，华人首富李嘉诚也说过：“决定房地产价值的因素，第一是地段，第二是地段，第三还是地段。”
Properties in good locations have greater potential for preservation or appreciation. The risk of purchasing a house is relatively smaller in urban areas rather than in remote suburbs. Even if the housing prices drop in the future, the properties in less remote areas will be the first to decline. Properties with good locations usually see the price drop last.
好地段的房产保值或升值的空间更大，购房风险相对城市偏远郊区较小，就算未来房价暴跌，首先下跌的也是地段较偏的房产，地段好的房产房价一般都是最后下降的。
It is recommended that when purchasing a house, one should keep up with the direction of urban development.
建议大家在购置房产时，要切记紧跟城市发展的方向。
10. Floor spacing
10、楼间隔
What is building spacing?
什么是楼间隔？
It is similar to the distance between the exterior walls of two adjacent buildings. It is the distance between two adjacent buildings in the same residential area. The control of building spacing is to ensure the quality and safety of people's work and life. A residential area with wide building spacing may not necessarily be a good one. A residential area with extremely wide building spacing can also be a good one. The wide spacing provides a quiet, private and expansive view for the residents. It is also a platform for landscape construction. However, building a landscape environment that is quiet, private and comfortable using this platform is the opposite. The building spacing is not particularly wide. But this concept and team have created a beautiful, comfortable and healthy environment, which is also called a good residential area.
就好似两相邻楼的外墙面距离，同一个小区两栋相邻的楼与楼之间的距离，建筑间距的控制是为了保障人们工作、生活的质量与安全，大楼间隔宽的住宅区不一定能建造好的住宅区，大楼间隔特别宽也能建造好的住宅区，间隔宽是业主生活安静、隐私、视野广阔，也是景观建设的平台，但是利用平台建造景观安静、隐私、舒适的环境相反，大楼的间隔并不特别宽，但是这样的理念和团队创造了美丽、舒适、健康的环境，也被称为好的住宅区。
11. Community Environment
11、小区环境
The condition of the community environment is an important piece of knowledge that one must consider when buying a house. The community's landscape, greenery, and facilities are closely related to daily life and also reflect the quality of the property. Large supermarkets, hospitals, and schools are related to the convenience of life;
重点看小区环境是买房须知的重要常识，小区景观、绿化、配套等与生活密切相关，更是楼盘质量的体现，大超市、医院、学校，关乎生活便捷度；
whether it is an educational zone property affects the child's schooling;
是否是学区房，关乎小孩上学；
nearby bus routes and subway lines determine the convenience of transportation;
附近的公交线路、地铁线路，交通是否便捷；
good community facilities and surrounding配套设施 are also relatively complete. Not only do the internal facilities such as water， electricity， gas， gas， broadband， parking lots， public toilets， multi-functional children's activity spaces， park areas for leisure， and property management companies meet the daily living needs of the owners， but there are also multi-functional service facilities such as convenience stores， markets， food stores， pharmacies， small supermarkets， schools， bus stops or subway stations to meet the higher needs of the owners and their children for clothing， food， housing and transportation.
好小区内部和周边的配套设施也相对完善一些，不仅水、电、燃气、煤气、宽带、停车场、公共厕所、多功能儿童活动空间、园区休闲场所、物业公司等内部配套设施能满足业主的日常居住需求，周边还有便利店、菜市场、食品店、药店、小型超市、学校、公交站点或者地铁站点等多功能服务配套满足业主以及孩子的衣食住行的更高需求。
12. Avoid the floors
12、避免楼层
When choosing a floor, it is often not as one wishes. Since one can't get the "golden floor", at least avoid choosing some really bad ones, such as the extreme floors, the top floor and the bottom floor. These are not recommended for purchase. If one chooses a lower floor for a high-rise residence, the lighting might not be very good, and it is prone to being damp and moldy, and mosquitoes may breed there.
选择楼层的时候经常是不随人愿，既然选不到“黄金楼层”，至少不要选到一些太糟糕的，比如极端层，顶层和底层不建议买，高层住宅如果选择低楼层的房子的话，采光可能就不是很好，而且容易潮湿，发霉，滋生蚊子。
The top floor is likely to have water leakage problems. Although it can be repaired, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the repair time may be infinitely prolonged.
顶层容易出现漏水现象，虽然能修理但耗时耗力，修理时间极可能被无限延长。
The equipment floor is a middle floor specifically for water supply and power supply. If one lives near the equipment floor all year round, not only will the noise from the machines and equipment torture one to the point of being unable to rest, but the radiation from the machines will also affect one's health.
设备层则是专门供水，供电的中间楼层，要是常年居住在设备层的附近的话，不仅机器设备的噪音把人折磨得无法休息，连机器的辐射也会影响人的身体健康。
13. Price Selection
13、价格挑选
Many home buyers believe that the housing price is the most crucial factor when purchasing a house.
很多购房者认为房价才是买房最关键的因素，其实不然，适不适合自己才是最关键的。
However, this is not true. What really matters is whether it suits you or not. Within your own financial capacity, if you can accept a higher price, then you will consider a house with a good location, good facilities, good layout, and good floor as the best one. Even if the price is higher, you will still be willing to buy it. But if your financial resources are limited and your ability is also limited, then you will probably feel that wherever you buy, the price will be too high. You might even think that the cheaper the price, the better.
在自己能力范围内，如果房价偏高你也能接受，这样你就会觉得地段好、配套好、户型好、楼层好的房子才是最好的，就算房价贵点也愿意买。
When choosing the price, you should consider factors such as your personal affordability, transportation conditions, community environment, and floor plan structure to evaluate the price of the property.
但是，如果你能力有限、购房资金有限，那么估计买哪里都会觉得贵，甚至觉得房价越便宜越好，价格挑选要比较个人承受范围、交通状况、社区环境、户型结构等条件衡量楼盘价格。
14. Don't be greedy for size.
14、不要贪大
When buying a house, it is crucial not to go for overly large properties. The key is to choose a house based on practicality. Nowadays, young people prefer to live alone, so a 80-90 square meter two-bedroom or a small three-bedroom is usually sufficient for daily living. If you insist on buying a large house, it will not only be impractical but also involve certain taxes. The dividing line between luxury houses and ordinary residences in China is 144 square meters. Therefore, when purchasing a house, do not exceed 140 square meters. Besides the higher taxes, for various expenses such as property management fees and heating fees, the costs will also be much higher. In the long run, the extra money saved might be enough for a down payment in the future.
买房一定不要贪大是买房时的重要事项，面积以适用为原则，不要为大而大，现在年轻人都喜欢独自出来居住，所以一般买个80、90平的大两室或者小三室就完全足够居住，非要买大房子，不仅不实用，而且还会涉及到一定的税费，国家区分豪宅和普通住宅的分界线就是144平米，所以在购买房子的时候，不要超过140平，除了税费要多交不少，对于一些物业费取暖费等等各个方面都会高出很多，长时间算下来，多出的这些没准在日后还能多出一套首付钱。
15. Considering the issue of children
15、考虑孩子问题
Considering children is extremely important when buying a house. Since marriage and love are significant reasons for purchasing a house, then children become an inevitable factor to be taken into account. Firstly, when choosing the house type, one must consider the children's rooms. The house type for purchase should preferably be a two-bedroom or larger;
考虑孩子是买房时非常必要的，既然婚恋是买房子的重要原因，那么孩子就是一个不得不考虑的因素，首先在购房的户型上必须考虑孩子的房间，购房的户型最好要两居室以上；
secondly, it is necessary to pay attention to the examination of the surrounding educational facilities. Children need to go to school, from kindergarten to primary school to secondary school. At the same time, safety issues on the way to school should also be considered. Try to choose a house that is close to the location.
其次那就是注意考察周边的教育设施配套，孩子要上学，从幼儿园到小学到中学，同时还要考虑孩子路上的安全问题，尽量选择距离近的房子。
This can save a lot of time for the children, allowing them to have sufficient time for study and rest.
这样可以给孩子节约大量的时间，让孩子有充裕的时间学习和休息。
16. Understanding the Property
16、了解物业
The quality of property management depends on whether there is a professional team, whether there are complete facilities and sound internal management.
物管的好坏要看有没有专业的团队，有无完善的设施、健全的内部管理。
Different property management companies provide vastly different services. Whether a property management company can fulfill its tasks perfectly is related to the overall quality of the community.
不同的物业公司所做的服务千差万别，物业公司能否尽善尽美地完成自己的任务牵扯到小区的整体质量。
Ensuring safety and providing routine services are the basic duties of property management. A good property management mainly depends on whether it can achieve a harmonious community environment together with the owners and change the neighborhood relationship to provide a communication platform for the owners.
保障安全、常规服务是物管的基本职责，好的物管主要看能否与业主达到共建和谐的社区环境，改变邻里关系为业主提供交流平台。
The purpose of the activities is not just to be lively and enjoyable, but to make the relationship between owners and owners, and between owners and property management, more harmonious. Whether the property management's dedication and care can be sustained is the most important. The final evaluation result is the reputation and benefit of the owners.
活动的目的，不止热闹高兴，而是使业主与业主间、业主与物管间更加融洽，物管的用心和细心能不能坚持下去是最重要的，最后的评比结果是业主的口碑效益。
17. Deposit for House Purchase
17、购房定金
"Deposit" and "guarantee deposit" are different legal concepts. This is a common practice adopted by developers to avoid legal liability. According to the "Guarantee Law of the People's Republic of China", the amount of the guarantee deposit is agreed upon by the parties involved, but it shall not exceed 20% of the subject matter of the main contract.
“订金”与“定金”是不同的法律概念，这是开发商欲规避法律责任的惯用做法，《中华人民共和国担保法》规定：定金的数额由当事人约定，但不得超过主合同标的额的20％。
In the transaction of commercial housing, after the buyer fulfills the contract, the guarantee deposit should be used as payment or returned;
商品房交易中，买家履行合同后，定金应当抵作价款或者收回；
if the buyer fails to fulfill the contract, they have no right to request the return of the deposit. If the developer fails to fulfill the contract, they should return double the deposit.
若买家不履行合同，无权要求返还定金，开发商不履行合同的，应双倍返还定金。
However, "deposit" is not a standardized legal concept. In fact, it has the nature of a prepayment and does not have the nature of guarantee.
而订金并非一个规范的法律概念，实际上它具有预付款的性质，并不具备担保性质。
Many developers offer discounts such as "how much you pay, how much you get back", but a certain deposit needs to be paid. It should be noted that the deposit paid here cannot be refunded.
很多开发商会打出多少抵多少的优惠活动，但是需要缴纳一定的定金，要知道这里交了的定金是不能退的。
Distinguishing between "deposit" and "guarantee deposit" is the most crucial thing for buyers when purchasing a house.
辨别“订金”与“定金”是买房必知的重中之重。
18. Sign the purchase agreement
18、签认购书
Homebuyers should be cautious when signing the purchase agreement. The purchase agreement is an appointment contract for the sale of commercial housing and is an independent contract.
购房者应慎签认购书，认购书是商品房买卖的预约合同，是独立合同。
Signing the purchase agreement often leads to a series of disputes. Specifically, when buyers want to get their deposit back, the developer may not necessarily refund it.
签认购书时常会引发一系列纠纷，具体表现在购房者要收回定金，而发展商却不一定会退还。
Therefore, to avoid more troubles, buyers can ask the developer to show them the sample of the formal contract when they decide to buy a house. The house sale contract usually only makes commitments regarding the house itself, but the seller may give you many oral promises to sign the contract. If you think the formal contract is acceptable, then sign the purchase agreement before signing the formal contract to avoid being trapped.
因此，为避免过多的麻烦，购房者在决定买房，可以向发展商提出看正式合同样本，房屋买卖合同一般只会对房子本身做出承诺，但是售房者很可能为了签单而给你很多的口头承诺，在觉得正式合同可以接受的情况下，再签署认购书，以免被套牢。
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